BNS Section 152: Act Endangering Sovereignty, Unity and Integrity of India

Definition of BNS Section 152

Section 152 of the BNS 2023 States:
Whoever, purposely or knowingly, by words, either spoken or written, or by signs, or by visible representation, or by electronic communication or by use of financial mean, or otherwise, excites or attempts to excite, secession or armed rebellion or subversive activities, or encourages feelings of separatist activities or endangers sovereignty or unity and integrity of India; or indulges in or commits any such act shall be punished with imprisonment for life or with imprisonment which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine.
Explanation.––Comments expressing disapprobation of the measures, or administrative or other action of the Government with a view to obtain their alteration by lawful means without exciting or attempting to excite the activities referred to in this section do not constitute an offence under this section.

Explanation and Illustration of BNS Section 152

Section 152 is aimed at preventing acts that may undermine the integrity of the country or incite movements that are inimical to the territorial integrity or sovereignty of India. A person can be seriously punished if they use any kind of communication, whether spoken, written, or electronic, with the intent to abet or incite others to indulge in rebellion, secession, or separatism. The law prevents such activities, which are dangerous to national security, from taking place.

• Illustration:
  Imagine a local leader posting a controversial statement of inflaming citizens and asking all their followers for state separation by using violent movements. If the person calls for armed rebellion or encourages separatism, then they would be prosecuted under Section 152. Even if their speeches are made online or in written form, the intention to damage the sovereignty and integrity of India would suffice to have serious repercussions like life imprisonment or imprisonment for a term up to 7 years along with fine.

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